Oil burner



Feb. 20, 1934. D B, R 'BERT 1,948,188

1 OIL BURNER Filed Feb 21, 1930 @mwawzaa,

Patented Feb. 20, 1984 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

My invention relates to oil burners and more particularly to those forhousehold or domestic use, but I do not confine myself to any particularkind of burner. Generally stated, the object of my invention is toattain the ideal conditions,

as near as possible, of maximum utilization of fuel oil and thus achieveeconomy in operation, and elimination of noise during burning andprevention of coking on the burner tip.

My invention affects different elements or members in the apparatus andwhile most advantageous results are secured by embodying all in oneburner or apparatus, it is to be understood that I do not confine myselfto the presence of all in the same apparatus and the scope of protectionof my invention is to be determined from the terms or scope of myclaims.

My invention consists in whatever is described by or is included withinthe terms or meaning the claims.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section with parts in elevation of enough of afurnace embodying my invention as is sufficient to illustrate orexemplify the same;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are, respectively, views in section of differentportions from pump to tip of means for supplying fuel from a source .ofsupply to the fire pot;

Fig. 6 is a detail view in side elevation of the upper end of a rotarytube employed in connection with a, non-rotary or stationaryfuel-issuing tip or burner.

The type of burner forming the subject of my invention is one employinga motor-driven pump located in the ashpit of the furnace which drawsfuel oil from a suitable source of supply, such as a tank, from theeduction side of which pump the oil passes through a vertical pipe to aburner or tip at the top thereof, situated in the fire pot and fromwhich oil is issued, atomized by accompanying air iss'uingjrom the tipunder pressure. The most advantageous form of atomized oil issuing fromthe tip is that of a thin horizontal disc or circular sheet because atonce the fuel and flame produced from its ignition is delivered in everydirection in the fire pot.

The heater shown in the drawing has a base or ashpit, 10, on the top ofwhich is a hot water boiler, 11, within which is the combustion chamberor fire pot. Within the ashpit is placed an electric motor, 12, havinga, hollow armature shaft, 13, to the lower end of which is keyed theimpeller or rotor, 14, of the rotary pump which,

, in a way not necessary to describe, sucks oil and air for atomizationfrom a source of supply, such as a storage tank, and'which dischargesthem by means of a port, 15, into the lower end of a vertical tube, 16,which extends up through the hollow armature shaft, 13, the lower end ofthe tube, 16, being fixedly secured in the pump base, 1'7, and the tubethereby supported in a stationary, non-rotary position. At its upper endthe stationary tube, 16, reaches into the fire pot or combustionchamber, 18, and into such upper end is screwed the tubular shank of aburner tip, 19, in the form of a solid disc that extends across andcloses the top of the tube, 16, so that oil and air, passing upwardthrough the tube, will be stopped and deflected or spread horizontallyin every direction through numerous horizontal 'holes, 20, that radiatein every direction. Be-

yond the holes, 20, the tip, 19, has a circular or annular lip, 21,which extends downward at a slight inclination so that the numerousstreams issuing from the holes 20, encountering said lip will becoalesced and produce a continuous thin, circular, or disc-like, sheetthat is directed horizontally in every direction within the fire pot,18. Thus, no rotation of the burner tip, 19, is necessary to secure theuniform distribution of the fuel and the flame produced by the ignitionthereof in every direction within the fire pot, 18.

Deposits of carbon upon the burner tip in the path-of fuel issuing fromthe tip are objectionable in that they impair the action of the burner.I,,therefore, provide means which will prevent any collection oraccumulation ofcarbon which would have that effect. Such means, in theembodiment of my invention shown in the drawing, comprise a tube, 24,secured to and projecting upward from the armature shaft, 13, whichsurrounds and is spaced from the tube, 16, and which at its upper endreaches closes to the lip, 21, so that a narrow annular space, existsbetween the lip and the upper end of the tube, 24. Tube 24 and armatureshaft, 12,, are secured together by a clamp which comprises a 100 nut,22, and a packing thimble, 23.

The tube, 24, is rotated by reason of its connection with the armatureshaft and the oil and air being directed over the upper end thereof, ina spray or atomized oil, a whirling action is given to the atomized oilwhich causes it, obviously, to break up or dislodge any carbon tendingto deposit on the adjacent under surfaces of the nozzle tip. To promotethe impartation of this whirling motion to the spray, the upper 1 end ofthe tube, 24, may, as shown in Fig. 6, be serrated or provided withteeth, 25.

In the bottom of the fire pot, 18, is a hearth that. includes radiallyplaced, segmental blocks,

29, that are supported at their inner ends by the bottom of the firepot, their positionbeing substantially horizontal, although they slantat a slight incline outward and upward. These blocks are hollow, orchambered, so that they have bottom and top walls, but no wall at theirinner ends so that air flowing upward through a central opening, 26, inthe hearth plate, under the furnace draft, will flow into the hollowblocks and then pass upward through holes, 30, in the top thereof intothe fire pot. Thus, the air flowing into the fire pot moves upward andthe blocks are so constructed and arranged as to produce this result,because it has been found that if air is introduced into the fire potfrom the sides, from similar blocks so that it flows horizontally towardthe flame, it results in a disturbance of thefiame which rolls it backupon itself and towards the burner tip and tends to cause coke or carbondeposits on the nozzle, and it also tends to drive the flame downwardinto the ashpit through such openings as lead from the fire pot into theash-pit. The blocks, 29, are of ceramic material which becomes readilyheated by the fire and, being perforated, or porous, or

of a honey-combed nature, the air passing through them is in intimatecontact with the heated surfaces and is thus preheated before itsdelivery to the fire pot and is thus in a heated state when it reachesthe flame. It is essential to supply air in addition to that whichaccompanies the oil to the burner tip because that supplied to theburner tip is not sufiicient to support combustion, but its primarypurpose is to atomize the oil or convert it into a readily burningspray. It is found that the delivery of preheated air to the flame forcombustion results in diminution Leas es of noise which results from thesupply of in a heated state.

The burner shown in the drawing is supplied with electric ignitingmeans, but that forms no part of the present invention and need not bedescribed.

What I claim is:

1. An oil burner having a burner tip'with an annular lip, means to issueoil and air outward to and past such lip, a stationary support for saidtip on which it is mounted non-rotatably, and means to impart a whirlingmotion to the stream flowing outward across the lip comprising 'arotatable element contiguous to said lip, an oil pump having a rotarymember, means to convey oil from pump to tip and means operativelyconnecting said rotary element and said rotary member. 2. An oil burnerhaving a burner'tip with an annular lip, means to issue oil and airoutward to and past such lip comprising a pump with a rotating element,a stationary support for said tip, and means to impart a whirling motionto the stream flowing outward across the lip, comprising arevolvingmember contiguous to said lip and having a driving connectionwith said pump element.

, 3. An oil burner having a. burner tip with an annular lip, means toissue oil and air outward ,to and past such lip, a stationary supportfor said tip, and means to impart a whirling motion to the streamflowing outward across the lip, comprising a revolving member contiguousto said lip, a tube upon which said tip is mounted, an oil andair-mixing pump having a rotary member with an eduction port incommunication with the interior said tube, and said means for impartinga w irling motion to the stream fiowing past the lip'kbeing connectedwith and receiving motion fronithe rotary member.

DAVID B. ROBERTS.

